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1.\u6676\u4f53<\/a><\/p>\n

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\n\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6676\u4f53\uff1f
\n\u54ea\u4e9b\u8d28\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6676\u4f53\uff1f
\n\u6676\u4f53\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u5904\uff1f<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\n\u5728\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u4f4d\u9519\u5bc6\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5f62\u6210\u4e9a\u6676\u7c92\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u5177\u6709\u201c\u85e4\u5c71\u578b\u201d\u6447\u6446\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u6676\u4f53\u533a\u57df\u5df2\u88ab\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u201c\u5c71\u5cf0\u201d\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5bbd\u8303\u56f4\u4e9a\u964d\u96e8\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u201c\u4e18\u9675\u666f\u89c2\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u56fe1-2<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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    \n
  1. \u6280\u672f\u6676\u4f53\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5355\u6676\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u9886\u57df\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5403\u6676\u4f53\uff08\u76d0\u3001\u7cd6\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u6676\u4f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u624b\u8868\u548c\u7535\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u949f\uff08\u77f3\u82f1\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u7845\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5207\u6362\u7535\u89c6\u673a\uff08\u7837\u5316\u9553\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u4fe1\uff08\u7837\u9553\uff09\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\uff08\u954d\u94dd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5236\u6210\u7684\u6da1\u8f6e\u53f6\u7247\uff09\u3002\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u5236\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u76d0\u6676\u4f53\uff08CaF2\uff09\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u4e9a\u5fae\u7c73\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u7d2b\u5916\u5149\u900f\u955c\u3002<\/li>\n
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  3. \u7814\u7a76\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u6781\u5176\u591a\u6837\u5316\u3002\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u9020\u7814\u7a76\u6676\u4f53\u662f\u56fa\u6001\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5929\u7136\u6676\u4f53\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u5149\u548c\u7c92\u5b50\u6563\u5c04\u548c\u884d\u5c04\u4eea\u5668\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u6676\u4f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5355\u8272\u4eea\u548c\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u3002\u8584\u819c\u3001\u50ac\u5316\u548c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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     <\/p>\n

    \"\" \"\"<\/p>\n

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      \n
    1. \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u957f\u754c\u9762\u8fc7\u51b7\u5ea6\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u7c7d\u6676\u6765\u6291\u5236\u8fc7\u51b7\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6210\u6838\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u6210\u6838\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u573a\u6765\u5851\u9020\u751f\u957f\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u8be5\u6e29\u5ea6\u573a\u4ee5\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u751f\u957f\u754c\u9762\u7b49\u6e29\u7ebf\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u8fc7\u70ed\u6d41\u4f53\u5e76\u8fc7\u51b7\u6676\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. \u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u5fc5\u987b\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u523b\u9762\u548c\u754c\u9762\u9644\u8fd1\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u8fc7\u51b7\u3002\u5728\u5c0f\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u751f\u957f\u901f\u7387\u53d7\u5230\u7ec4\u6210\u8fc7\u51b7\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u70ed\u5e94\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u70ed\u6676\u4f53\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u4f4d\u9519\u500d\u589e\u548c\u4e9a\u6676\u8fb9\u754c\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n
    4. \u5982\u679c\u751f\u957f\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u901f\u7387\u80fd\u591f\u8ddf\u4e0a\u751f\u957f\u7b49\u6e29\u7ebf\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5219\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ed3\u6676\u901f\u7387\u4f1a\u8ddf\u968f\u8be5\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u539f\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4ee5\u6bcf\u79d2\u7c73\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u589e\u957f\u3002\u5728\u901a\u5e38\u9ad8\u8fbe\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u51e0\u5398\u7c73\u7684\u901f\u7387\u4e0b\uff0c\u751f\u957f\u901f\u7387\u4ec5\u53d7\u7531\u4e8e\u6210\u5206\u8fc7\u51b7\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u754c\u9762\u5f62\u72b6\u7834\u574f\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n
    5. \u5851\u9020\u6676\u4f53\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5e03\u91cc\u5947\u66fc\u6cd5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5769\u57da\u4e0e\u4e09\u76f8\u8fb9\u754c\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002Czochralski\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7194\u878d\u5f2f\u6708\u9762\u7684\u65e0\u5769\u57da\u751f\u957f\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f2f\u6708\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u7531\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u529b\u3001\u6c14\u4f53\u538b\u529b\u548c\u5f2f\u6708\u9762\u66f2\u7387\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5f20\u529b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9ad8\u65af-\u62c9\u666e\u62c9\u65af\u5173\u7cfb\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u8fc7\u70ed\uff0c\u751f\u957f\u754c\u9762\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u968f\u7740\u9759\u6c34\u538b\u529b\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n
    6. \u751f\u957f\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\uff08\u201c\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u6bd4\u201d\uff09\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u7531\u6d41\u4f53\u76f8\u548c\u7ed3\u6676\u76f8\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u6761\u4ef6\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e73\u8861\u7531\u76f8\u56fe\u4ee5\u56fe\u5f62\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5bf9\u76f8\u56fe\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u548c\u7ed3\u6676\u76f8\u7684\u6210\u5206\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c01\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u6027\uff08\u5b8f\u89c2\u548c\u5fae\u89c2\u504f\u6790\u73b0\u8c61\uff09\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5769\u57da\u3001\u6d6e\u6db2\u533a\u6216\u70ed\u58c1\u6280\u672f\u4ea7\u751f\u5177\u6709\u6052\u5b9a\u6210\u5206\u7684\u8fdb\u6599\u50a8\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n
    7. \u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u70b9\u7f3a\u9677\u3001\u7f3a\u9677\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6742\u8d28\u3001\u9644\u52a0\u76f8\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6d53\u5ea6\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\u4ee5\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u65f6\u95f4-\u6e29\u5ea6\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u751f\u957f\u540e\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u9000\u706b\u3002<\/li>\n
    8. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u53ef\u80fd\u4fbf\u5b9c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u79cd\u690d\u8005\u7684\u72ec\u521b\u6027\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5bf9\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u5546\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u7eaa\u5f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u73b0\u5b9e\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u6210\u672c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e3a\u5e02\u573a\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4fbf\u5b9c\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u8fc7\u53bb\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fc7\u5ea6\u652f\u51fa\u4f4e\u8d28\u91cf\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e00\u53bb\u4e0d\u590d\u8fd4\u4e86\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u8f68\u9053\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u751f\u957f\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      3.\u6837\u54c1\u5236\u5907
      \n\u6837\u54c1\u5236\u5907\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4ece\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8ba1\u5212\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8be5\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u76f8\u56fe\u4e2d\u4ee5\u56fe\u5f62\u65b9\u5f0f\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u56fe3-1\u663e\u793a\u4e86Al-Ni\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u56fe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u6216\u5bf9\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u6b63\u786e\u7406\u89e3\u56fa\u4f53-\u6c14\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u56fe3-2\u4ee5Ag-O\u76f8\u56fe\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6e29\u8d85\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0e\u94f6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6750\u6599\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5728\u4e66\u7c4d\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6c47\u7f16\u548c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u76f8\u56fe\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u67e5\u9605\u539f\u59cb\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u56fe\u8868\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7269\u7406\u51b6\u91d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u56fe3-1\u5728\u5bcc\u954d\u4fa7\u5b58\u5728\u9519\u8bef\uff1aNi3Al\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5305\u6676\u76f8\uff0c\u5728\u5171\u6676\u5bcc\u954d\u4fa7\u51b7\u5374\u65f6\u4ece\u6db2\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u6790\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u5728\u5bcc\u94dd\u4fa7\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cNi3Al\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u5e8f-\u65e0\u5e8f\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u5728\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u8868\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002
      \n\u6837\u54c1\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/p>\n

      \u56fe3-1<\/p>\n

      -\u539f\u6599\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u7eaf\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u662f\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u7eaf\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e13\u95e8\u4ece\u4e8b\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002
      \n-\u5408\u6210\u5177\u6709\u9002\u5f53\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u7684\u591a\u6676\u539f\u6599\u3002\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u70ed\u60f0\u6027\u5769\u57da\uff0c\u51b7\u5769\u57da\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002
      \n-\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f
      \n-\u751f\u957f\u540e\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9000\u706b\u5904\u7406\u56fe3-3\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u56fa\u6001\u53cd\u5e94\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u95f4-\u6e29\u5ea6\u8f6c\u6362\u56fe\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u6b65\u9aa4\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u793a\u4f8b\u3002
      \n-\u901a\u8fc7\u673a\u68b0\u952f\u5207\u3001\u706b\u82b1\u6216\u653e\u7535\u4fb5\u8680\u6216\u5316\u5b66\u4fb5\u8680\u5f62\u6210\u6676\u4f53\u3002
      \n-\u6b63\u786e\u7528\u4f5c\u6280\u672f\u548c\u73e0\u5b9d\u4e2d\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u6216\u5efa\u7b51\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6750\u6599\u548c\u5de5\u827a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6210\u5f62\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u751f\u957f\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6bd4\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/p>\n

      \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u56fe3-2<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u6676\u4f53\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6676\u4f53\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u6676\u4f53\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u5e76\u4e0d\u7f55\u89c1\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\u7684\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002
      \n\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u5fc5\u987b\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u6240\u9700\u8d28\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u9ad8\u6216\u8fc7\u4f4e\u7684\u6602\u8d35\u8bc4\u7ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6676\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fa\u6001\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206\u6837\u54c1\u662f\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u8d2d\u4e70\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/p>\n

      \u56fe3-3<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/p>\n

      \u56fe3-4<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/p>\n

      \u56fe3-5<\/p>\n

      \u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u9ad8\u7eaf\u5ea6\u7684\u539f\u6750\u6599\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6c22\u3001\u78b3\u548c\u6c27\u7b49\u8f7b\u6742\u8d28\u5916\uff0c\u75d5\u91cf\u6742\u8d28\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u6d4b\u5b9a\u901a\u5e38\u5e76\u4e0d\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u975e\u5355\u7ec4\u5206\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u6700\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u9ad8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u662fSisyphos\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

      4.\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u9762
      \n\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5757\u4f53\u6676\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u6ca1\u6709\u9971\u548c\u6216\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6676\u4f53\u5c1a\u672a\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c1a\u672a\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6210\u5206\u548c\u6676\u79cd\u3002\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u9ad8\u6e29\u8d85\u5bfc\u4f53\u548c\u51c6\u6676\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6c34\u6676\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u4ecd\u7136\u672a\u77e5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u738b\u56fd\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5de5\u4e1a\u6676\u4f53\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u5bf9\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u63a8\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u6210\u672c\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8ff9\u8c61\u8868\u660e\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u548c\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5373\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

      5. Remarks and hints for further reading<\/h3>\n
      \n
      \n

      Bohm, J.:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Historical remarks, Crystal Research and Technology 16 1981 275-292<\/dd>\n
      Steno 1669: unit cell concept<\/dd>\n
      Guglielmi 1688: Korrelation shae \u2013 chemical cpecies.<\/dd>\n
      17. Jh. \u201ccrystal, cristallisation\u201d<\/dd>\n
      Kepler: atomic models of snow crystals, Abhandlung \u00fcber \u201cNix\u201d, Ha\u00fcy 1784,<\/dd>\n
      Boyle, Neptunists (water solutions) quarrel with Plutonists (high temperature events)<\/dd>\n
      Boyle: immaterial powers emerging from crystals<\/dd>\n
      1900 Gibbs: thermodynamics pioneer<\/dd>\n
      Crystal growth is turning industrial: Verneuil, Djeva, Bitterfeld: Ruby Saphire<\/dd>\n
      Tammann Bridgman Czochralski: crystal growth pioneers<\/dd>\n
      Kapitza: turns to horizontal Bridgman-method for crystals which expand during crystallisation.<\/dd>\n
      Basically wrong view of the atomic scale crystallisation process Nacken-Kyropoulos<\/dd>\n
      50s: Burton-Cabrera-Frank: Spiral growth, roughning of dislocation lines and surfaces<\/dd>\n
      Hartmann-Perdok: PBC Vectors<\/dd>\n
      Chalmers, Rutter, Tiller, Jackson: constitutional supercooling<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Bohm, J.:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Realstruktur von Kristallen, E Schweizerbart\u00b4sche Verlagsbuchhandlg Stuttgart 1995<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Brice, J.C.:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Crystal Growth Processes, Blackie, Glasgow 1986. all aspects of crystal growth. See also: H Arend and J Hulliger, Crystal Growth in Science and Technology, eds., Plenum and NATO 1989<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Cahn, Robert W. and Eric Lifshin, editors:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Concise Encyclopedia of Materials Characterization, Pergamon Press, Oxford 1993<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Chalmers, B.:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Principles of Solidification, Wiley New York 1964<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Falckenberg, R. (1978):<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      The Verneuil Process. In: Crystal Growth, Theory and Techniques. Vol. 2. (Ed: Goodman) Plenum Press, New York, 109-184. In-depth review of the Verneuil Process<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Fromm, E. und Gebhardt E., Herausgeber:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Gase und Kohlenstoff in Metallen, Springer, Berlin 1976. Extremely valuable cource of information<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Hurle, D.T.J. Editor:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Handbook of Crystal Growth, North Holland, Amsterdam, 1993-1995. Several volumes covering all aspects of crystal growth. Indispensable!<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Journals for crystal growers, a small selection:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Journal of Crystal Growth<\/dd>\n
      Crystal Research and Technology<\/dd>\n
      Journal of Phase Equilibria<\/dd>\n
      Zeitschrift fuerr Metallkunde<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Phase diagrams und thermodynamic parameters:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Predel B., Landolt-B\u00f6rnstein Band 5: Phase diagrams, crystallographic and thermodynamic properties of binary alloys, Springer 1995<\/dd>\n
      Massalski, T.B., ed.: Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, ASM Metals Park, 1986<\/dd>\n
      TAPP: Thermochemical and Physical Properties Data (via GTT) ChemSage computer package with SGTE \u2013 databank (Scientific Group Thermodata Europe),GTT Herzogenrath: http:\/\/gttserv.lth.rwth-aachen.de\/~sp\/tt\/<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Pearson`s Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      P. Villars and L.D. Calvert, ASM, Metals Park, 1985<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Jackson, K.A.:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Crystal Growth Kinetics, in: Materials Science and Engineering 65 1984 7-13; solidification microstructure: 30 years of \u201cconstituional supercooling\u201d<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Raff Thomas:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Die Sprache der Materialien. Anleitung zu einer Ikonologie der Werkstoffe. Kunstwissenschaftliche Studien, Band 61. Dt. Kunstverlag Muenchen 1994<\/dd>\n
      \n

      R\u00f6sler, Hans J\u00fcrgen (1991):<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Lehrbuch der Mineralogie. Deutscher Verlag fuer Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig. 844 Seiten. History of Mineralogy, valuable information for crystal growers<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Schilling, W.:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Fehlordnung in Kristallen, in Bergmann-Schaefer, Lehrbuch der Experimentalphysik, Band 6, herausgegeben von W. Raith, de Gruyter Berlin 1992<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Sch\u00f6nherr, E.:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Crystal Growth, in: Encyclopedia of Applied Physics, VCh 1992, S.335-363 Techniques of Metals Research, R.F. Bunshaw, ed., Wiley, NY, 1968. Not brand new but still full of valuable information<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Tiller, W. A.:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      The Science of Crystallisation, Vol. 1: Microscopic Interfacial Phenomena, Vol. 2: Macroscopic Phenomena and Defect Generation, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1991. One of the Pioneers of the science of crystal growth discusses the still not well understood problem of dislocation formation and polycrystal growth, for example<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Weibel, Max:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Edelsteine und ihre Mineraleinschluesse, ABC Verlag Zuerich<\/dd>\n
      \n

      Wilke, K.-Th. und J. Bohm:<\/p>\n<\/dt>\n

      Kristallzuechtung, VEB Dt. Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1988. Detailed discussion of all aspects of crystal growth, bibliography!<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
      \u6676\u4f53<\/a>\n\u6676\u4f53\u751f\u957f<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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